A bucket of hot water will not freeze faster  than a bucket of cold water. However, a bucket of water that has been heated or boiled then allowed to cool to the same temperature as the bucket of  cold water may freeze faster. Heating or boiling drive out some of the air bubbles cut down thermal conductivity they can inhibit freezing. For the same reason previously heated water forms denser ice than unheated water which is why hot water pipes tend to  burst before cold water pipes.